Oat BAR Strawberry

Body Mass Index or BMI is an internationally used ratio used to measure physical condition. We can calculate our own body mass index by dividing our body mass by the square of our body height in meters. The limitations of the BMI formula were first highlighted as early as the 1840s by Adolphe Quetelet the Belgian man who devised it. Since the 2010s researchers have started criticizing its use once again. Mathematicians from the University of Oxford claim that the Body Mass Index makes taller people look fatter and shorter people thinner than they actually are. They argue that after all people are three dimensional and as such a bigger body carries mass evenly distributed on it, which means the cube of the height should be considered as the body grows, but that is not what the traditional BMI formula considers. In addition, the body mass index does not take into consideration either the quality of components that make up the body mass or one’s stature, although fat, muscle and bone has different density and therefore different specific weight. This means that one’s BMI may misleadingly show that somebody, for example a body builder or any muscular person is overweight. Mathematicians from the University of Oxford propose a new formula for computing body mass index: BI = 1.3 x mass (kg) / height (meter)2.5.

Bone density is the amount of mineral per square centimeter of bone surface. The higher the value, the more resistant your bones are to mechanical stress. There is proof that you can improve your BMD and make your bones stronger by exercise. An excellent way to prevent osteoporosis is to eat calcium-rich food or take calcium supplements and walking for 30-40 minutes three or four times a week, running or lifting weights.

Basal Metabolic Rate is the rate of calories per unit time the body needs to burn at rest in order to maintain life functions. At rest, the body only uses energy to keep its primary organs, including the heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, nervous system, intestines, liver, sexual organs, muscles and skin functioning. In general, BMR is measured for weight loss purposes. In order to keep your ideal body weight it is important that energy intake and expenditure are in balance.

Sugar is the simplest form of carbohydrates. It tends to be sweet (table sugar, fructose, lactose also known as milk sugar). Naturally occurring carbohydrates are our main food, but refined sugar causes several diseases. The main reason it can be considered harmful is that the sugar content of naturally occurring plants is significantly lower than that of the white sugar you buy in the shop. The sugar content of sugar beet is eighteen per cent, whereas the sugar content of refined sugar is ninety-five per cent. Our body is simply not prepared to cope with sugar in such density, and the excessive sugar will ferment. (Fermentation: the breakdown of dissolved non-nitrogenous organic matter, usually carbohydrates carried out by yeast or fission yeast.) Sir C. H. Best, the co-discoverer of insulin claimed that sugar has the same effect on the body as alcohol.

The other type of training beside aerobic training is strength training. The main aim of strength training is to increase muscle mass, and by this it changes the physique as well as the metabolism of the body. Strength training can have multiple purposes: to improve endurance, to increase muscle mass, improve body shape, building “show muscles” or following a suitable training plan. Its disadvantage is that it requires great energy investment, so you will need perseverance, commitment and strong motivation. The training plan has to be designed consistently, as muscles are really vulnerable and you can easily overwork them. The main advantage of strength training is that greater muscle mass burns larger amounts of energy even at rest, so your whole metabolism will accelerate.

When you do this type of exercise you have to go from zero level to close to maximum effort. Such exercise is the standing vertical jump or weightlifting. The greater the weight and the speed you accelerate it, i.e. the more dynamically we move a weight, the greater the effort. Exercises that are performed with great speed are good and effective, and if weight training is only a complementary sport for you, then you can really benefit from such exercises.

Hormones are molecules produced by different glands serving specific biological functions. Hormones regulate everything that happens outside as well as inside our body. The hormonal system is an interrelated and unified system, any changes in the level of any hormones affects all the others.

Muscle soreness is the inflammation of the muscles after strenuous physical activity, which usually lasts between two to three days. Muscles are made up of fascicles (or bundles) and within them muscle fibers; they contract and relax repeatedly when you do exercise. During workout these fibers get damaged continuously, and then after workout, during rest they recover and become stronger than before. Muscle soreness may have the following three causes: 1. Anaerobic processes take place in the muscle producing lactic acid. 2. During intensive aerobic processes the muscle gets enough oxygen, but the intensity of the workout still leads to the production of free radicals. 3. Damage to the muscle fibers that is beyond a critical point. In fact muscle soreness is not a bad thing, it only means that our muscles were under stress, and now they are recovering.

It is a potent stimulant that is used to enhance performance and increase your energy levels. Because of these properties, caffeine is an important component of many fat burners, which use it to improve energy use and attain better performance. In addition to promoting the burning of fat, it boosts performance, improves concentration and has a positive effect on metabolism. Its effect on energy levels will be felt especially by athletes who are on a diet or in the cutting phase, which requires great energy expenditure.

It is a diet based on reducing fat intake. The so called low-fat diets are the most common in the world. There are two popular forms of low-fat diets: one being the diet that is low only in fats, and the other being the low-energy and low-fat diet. Of the two the latter is the more reasonable one, as with this diet energy and fat intake are both lower at the same time. This is the one recommended by the American Heart Association in its guidelines publishes in 2000, which was made even stricter in 2005 by AHA saying that the consumption of saturated fats should be below 7 percent, the recommended cholesterol intake is 250 mg per day, while the total fat consumption should be below 30 percent.

They are the most complex carbohydrates; they help digestion and cleanse the digestive system. Digestive enzymes leave fibers in the digestive tract virtually intact. The soluble fibers found in fruit, fresh, boiled or steamed vegetables absorb water, swell and become a thick gelatinoid substance. The swollen fibers bind certain substances (e.g. glucose) making them absorb more slowly. This mass mixes with the indigestible part of food, and then is passed through the small intestines. One of the substances absorbed by fiber is cholesterol and bile acid, they ensure that less cholesterol is absorbed by the body, which in turn leads to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. Those who do not eat enough fibers may suffer from constipation. In addition to eating enough fibers it is also important to drink enough fluids, otherwise you will not experience their beneficial effects, and without the fluids they themselves can cause constipation.

It is a manufactured product that promotes muscle growth, weight loss, increase muscle strength and regeneration. Supplements include vitamins, minerals, fibers, fatty acids and amino acids. Currently, there are over 50,000 dietary supplements on the market. The most common supplement taken by people is multivitamin. If used as intended multivitamin supplements supply essential nutrients. Dietary supplements cannot protect you completely against the consequences of unhealthy habits like smoking and inactive lifestyle. Taking too much of such supplements can also have harmful effects. Antioxidants help prevent cell and tissue damage caused by toxins.

Fat can be either solid or liquid in form. It is usually odorless, tasteless and slippery. Fats can be found in plant and animal tissues alike. Fasts provide high-quality energy over a long time. Fats are vital for most forms of life, they play an important role in both the structure of the body and metabolism. Since they are insoluble in water, they are transported in the body in the form of lipoproteins which are a biochemical assembly of fats and proteins. Lipoproteins are droplets consisting of lipids and proteins. Fats are incorporated from the blood into the liver, and then into fat tissues, muscle tissues (neutral fats).